中文

1986 年，计算从“试点”走向“投入”。

当组织愿意花钱采购与维护时，计算才真正开始改变预算结构与管理结构。可靠性不再是技术指标，而是组织风险。

本章要点：1986 年，计算变成一项需要被治理的基础设施。

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English

In 1986, computing moves from pilots to investment.

Once an organization is willing to pay for procurement and maintenance, computing begins to reshape budgets and management structures. Reliability stops being a technical metric and becomes organizational risk.

Key point: in 1986, computing starts to look like infrastructure that must be governed.